Plastic surgery includes two broad fields, namely cosmetic (or aesthetic) and reconstructive surgery. Cosmetic surgery is performed to enhance the appearance of a person, who finds his/her body parts, though otherwise fully functional, to be unattractive. Thus cosmetic surgery is performed with a purely aesthetic intent. On the other hand, reconstructive surgery focuses on concealing the destructive effects of trauma, disease or accident. That is, it strives to improve function and impart a standard look so the patient may lead a normal life. Reconstructive surgery is a way of veiling defects by using skin implants and tissue flaps. Either local tissue is used or tissue is transferred from another part to the problem area. Reconstructive tissue flaps comprise of skin, muscle, fat, bone or a combination of these elements. The most common reconstructive surgery is to cover the defects of burn survivors and other accident victims. Another common reconstructive surgery is breast reconstruction for women who have had mastectomy – surgical removal of one or both breasts, either partially or completely. Mastectomy is performed to combat breast cancer, or to circumvent the disease if a woman is at a high risk of acquiring it. Rhinoplasty may also be considered as a reconstructive procedure if the extent of damage to the nose cartilage and bone is rather grave. In such a case, tissue is moved from another body part and grafted in the damaged area. One of the most prevalent uses of reconstructive surgery can be found in the field of professional contact sports. Players are likely to suffer injuries during vigorous contact sports, and such injuries can only be treated by reconstructive surgery. Though rare, sexual reassignment surgery is another example of reconstructive surgery. There is a certain gray area between cosmetic and reconstructive surgery, and distinguishing one from another can be confusing at times. But in a gist, reconstructive surgery is usually performed to correct an abnormality, and not to enhance an otherwise normal appearance.
Oily Skin- A Trouble? Oily skin is a big trouble for many of us. Why our skin oozes more oils than others is a big mystery for the sufferers. The skin attracts more dirt and is more prone to acne. it has shining look and causes all types of cosmetic problems. Why do we have that kind of skin? Can we do something to eliminate this problem forever? Let us find out. Skin- Why Does It Produce Oils? Our skin produces sebum. This sebum is mainly made of lipids. The sebum protects us from microbial infections and keeps our skin moist. Along with sebum, we also produce sweat. Our skin also sheds dead skin cells. All these combine and form a layer on the skin. Those who have oily skin, produce more of sebum. Hormones mainly activate the sebum production and some of us are genetically conditioned to produce more oils. You should talk with your doctor if anything can be done with the hormones. Oily Skin Management- To manage oily skin the only common way is to use oil free products. Wash your face at least twice a day with soap. Use oil absorbing blotting papers. Use more of powder products. Astringents will remove lot of oil and so do the toners. Look after your oily skin because you will get fewer wrinkles than those who have dry skin. They will envy you after some years. This article is only for informative purposes. This article is not intended to be a medical advise and it is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult your doctor for your medical concerns. Please follow any tip given in this article only after consulting your doctor. The author is not liable for any outcome or damage resulting from information obtained from this article.
Related posts
Acne Vulgaris- We all know of common acne that is called acne vulgaris. But there are severe forms of acne that have different names. They are difficult to treat and cause lot of mental agony and skin scars. Let us find out something about the severe forms of acne. Acne Conglobata- If acne vulgaris suddenly flares up and instead of settling down begins forming more inflammation and nodules with deep cysts that infect the deep insides it is called Acne Conglobata. You will find many body parts full of blackhead sin this and a nodule with surrounding comedones. The nodules get infected, and after treatment leave scars. This form of acne cannot be treated with OTC medication. You must approach a doctor and get it treated. Acne Fulminans- This acne type generally follows untreated acne conglobata. This causes fever and forms deeper abscesses. Doctors may use steroids and other anti-inflammatory agents to treat this condition. Gram Negative Folliculitis- This is not acne, but inflammation of the hair follicle. It causes pustules around the hair follicle and may even form boils around them. This is treated with antibiotics. Isotretinoin is commonly used for all severe forms of acne with other medications. This article is only for informative purposes. This article is not intended to be a medical advise and it is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult your doctor for your medical concerns. Please follow any tip given in this article only after consulting your doctor. The author is not liable for any outcome or damage resulting from information obtained from this article.
Related posts
With the development of society, competition grows harder in every aspect of life. Competitive sports are no exception. Athletes, bodybuilders, models etc. are always looking to enhance their performance in their respective fields, naturally or otherwise. Driven by their obsession to reach higher levels in their careers, many sportspeople are willing to use any means necessary to make sure they gain the competitive edge. The use of steroids in sports has been recorded as early as 2000 years ago. Back then, athletes were known to consume various herbs and even ram testicles. Apparently, these were sources of testosterone, from which the modern-day anabolic steroids are derived or processed. Today, due to the advent of these anabolic steroids, overdose and wrong usage are the major problems concerning steroids. Many athletes fail to consider the side effects and abuse these substances. This leads to a variety of health-related repercussions, including chronic diseases. Due to this form of abuse, major sports bodies of the world have now explicitly banned the use of anabolic steroids. These bodies include the Olympics, FIFA, NHL, NFL etc. These organizations require athletes to undergo various doping tests before they are allowed to participate in any events. Athletes found guilty of steroid intake are immediately banned from competition. It has been discovered by various surveys that steroids are used in large quantities by high-school athletes who are barely over their adolescence. This, combined with popular abuse, forced governments around the world to impose severe restrictions on these substances. The United States now reserves anabolic steroids under “controlled substances”. It is illegal for anyone to purchase them without proper medical prescription. So, you must be extremely careful if you wish to buy or use anabolic steroids, as any illegal dealings can potentially land you in prison. You must also consider the harmful effects and be responsible when considering these drugs. Steroids in sports Steroids are used in almost all levels of bodybuilding and competitive sports. These include baseball, basketball, track and field events, cricket, boxing, wrestling, soccer and even the Olympics. Recent studies show that a high concentration of steroid usage has been found in high schools and amateur sporting events. This means that athletes are ready to do whatever it takes to take achieve success in their athletic careers. Until the 1950’s anabolic steroids in sports were relatively unknown. Ancient athletes stuck to using special herbs or meat to increase their hormone levels and give them the athletic boost they wanted. In recent years, sportsmen have taken to anabolic steroids, although they know how harmful these substances can be when used without proper guidance. The first instance of steroid use in sports was discovered in the 1954 Olympics. Immediately, hordes of athletes caught on to this trend, and recognizing the dangers, the Olympic committee banned their use. But, the savvy sportsmen weren’t ready to give up yet. They began using disguised or stealth steroids which could not be detected by the standard doping tests. This was when all major sports bodies began banning anabolic steroids. Hence, the battle began to make sure that doping was stopped. Even today, athletes continue to cloak their steroid usage and benefit from them in competition. Despite many attempts by activist organizations to increase public awareness, sportspeople, including aspiring high-school athletes still use anabolic steroids without realizing the deadly side-effects. These range from heart-diseases to emotional imbalances to infertility. Thanks to all the controversy created by these substances, major world governments have now imposed serious bans over the usage of anabolic steroids. They are now considered “controlled drugs” and are no longer available for purchase without proper medical prescription. It must also be noted that once purchased, steroids must be consumed or injected only with professional guidance.
Related posts
Obesity increases a person’s risks for high blood pressure and diabetes, as well as cancers of the breast, endometrium, colon, kidney, and oesophagus. This is why world health officials are putting more money into obesity research and making sure that they get the information that they need to provide us with new ways to battle the new worldwide epidemic that is evolving. Obesity research is crucial in telling us what cause obesity and how we can tackle it. New medical research has shown us that obesity isn’t all down to unhealthy living but it is also narrowed down to what our DNA is made up like. Many people who have had members of their family that have suffered from being overweight or obese will be at a very high risk to suffer the same problems and therefore need to take extra steps to help prevent that from happening. Although genetics play a part in obesity research has shown that unhealthy living with bad diets and no exercise also plays a major part when it comes to obesity. To burn fat we need to burn more than we take in, if we do not exercise then we don’t burn fat therefore inevitably we will end up overweight then obese. Research helps us to know more about the complexities of obesity. Yet, there is so much more for researchers to explore, more time and investment needs to put be into obesity research so we can find more conclusive solutions to battling obesity. Obesity causes major health problems and researches have made note that unless the situation is addressed we can be facing a worldwide problem and breakdown due to obesity. It is a major complication in terms of operations as many doctors and consultants will not anaesthetize any one who is grossly overweight as this is extremely unsafe. Therefore more important medical problems can’t be solved or helped when obesity is a problem. Obesity research is crucial and extremely important when it comes to obesity and its finding needs to have action taken, there are far to many people grappling with the problem of being overweight and loosing the struggle and turning obese. Research finding should be made available in forms of books, television adverts, leaflets and school topics, doing this we will try to save the next generation from falling susceptible to the world wide problem that is obesity!
Related posts
Well the short answer to this question is that a weight loss program and be a literal life saver. They actually help you to lose weight and keep it off, unlike the typical “go-it-alone” dieter who can lose weight no problem for relatively short periods of time but cannot keep it off. The sad fact about this, far too common, type of dieting is that it confers no health advantage to remaining fat. In some ways it is worse for you especially in the mental health realm. I want to spend the next several paragraphs in this article giving you some helpful advice that will not only leave you looking and feeling better but living longer. That weight loss programs are important because fat is a killer is becoming more apparent everyday in the medical research fields. There are so many organ systems affected by the different processes that both contribute to obesity and are a direct result of obesity that it will take ages to sort out all the complexities. Obesity is both an associated comorbidity of a lot of things and also a direct cause of many things that are serious and life threatening diseases. Lets talk about a few of the major ones like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. If you aren’t convinced to start a weight loss program read on! Heart disease, caused by coronary atherosclerosis, has several risk factors that are directly related to being obese. High cholesterol and high fat diets contribute to atherosclerotic pathophysiology and are very associated with obesity. Hypertension is another major risk factor for heart disease and is much more common in an obese person. And lastly diabetes, namely type II or adult onset diabetes, is another huge risk factor for heart disease and affects mostly obese people whose bodies have lost the sensitivity to insulin. This combination of events in an obese pt. make obesity a very high-risk, but gladly a modifiable risk factor for early death secondary to heart disease. Diabetes is already mentioned as being in large part caused by obesity. I just want to list some of the other morbidities that an obese person can look forward to other than heart disease. Diabetics who don’t control their sugars have renal failure and eventually are dialysis dependent. They go blind due to retinal vascular complications, they have painful neuropathies, or they simply can’t feel their legs which eventually ulcerate and require amputation. A weight loss program sounds nice now doesn’t it?