Visual artists biographies is a popular theme in the movie world. Moviemakers have always been fascinated by visual artists biographies, especially if it includes struggle with insanity, drug addiction or social conventions. In addition, it gives them an opportunity to depict original or resurrected artworks on the big screen.

Here you can read about some of the most interesting movies about visual artists biographies.

Lust for Life directed by Vincente Minnelli in 1952

Vincent Van Gogh biography had gained several cinematic adaptations. Lust for Life with Kirk Douglas as the struggling artist is one of the most notable. The movie is based on a best selling book by Irving Stone, who also authored The Agony and the Ecstasy about Michelangelo, which also had appeared on the silver screen.

If you are a fan of Van Gogh artwork, you would enjoy watching Last for Life, which features almost 200 of Van Goghs original paintings. However, if you are familiar with Kirk Douglas previous filmographic, seeing him as a tortured Dutch painter might take a little adjustment. Another recommended film about Van Gogh is Robert Altmans Vincent and Theo from 1990.

Surviving Picasso directed by James Ivory in 1996

Like Van Gogh, Pablo Picasso image made him an iconic figure outside the artistic circles. While Van Gogh symbolizes the self destructive, manic depressive artist who achieves success only after his death, Picasso represents the misanthropic and womanizer artist. Picasso infamous relationship with women is the focus of this Merchant and Ivory film. The story is told from the eyes of Picasso mistress Francoise Gilot and features only reproductions of Picasso works. With Anthony Hopkins talent and his physical resemblance to Picasso, Surviving Picasso manages to create an unflattering portrait of an artist as a cruel, self centered genius.

Girl with Pearl Earring directed by Peter Webber in 2003

Comparing to Van Gogh and Picasso, Vermeers biography is less known and less controversial. Therefore Girl with Pearl Earring is much more restrained and delicate. The movie focuses on a short period in Vermeers life in which he was painting the portrait of his young low class maid. Although Girl with Pearl Earring does not avoid filmic conventions by over dramatizing Vermeers painting process, the movie is worth watching if only for its artistic design, which success in evoking Vermeers perception of light and color.

Basquiat directed by Julian Schnabel in 1996

The most common critique against movies that deals with visual arts is the way they depict the creation process. Therefore, there were big expectations from Basquiat, which was directed by the celebrated painter Julian Schnabel. Schnabel did well in depicting Jean Michelle Basquiat rise and fall story in less the predictable manner we have seen millions time before. However, the only reason to watch Basquiat is David Bowie plays the role of Andy Warhol.

Frida directed by Julie Taymor in 2002

Like most of the visual artists who had their life story appear on the silver screen, Frida Kahlo carried an unusual biography, which includes bus accident, problematic marriage, and an affair with Leon Trotsky. Like Van Gogh, Picasso and Jackson Pollock, who was the subject of a biopic from 2000, Frida Kahlo was an icon long before Frida was released, but the 123 minutes film did help to strength her position as a feminist idol and probably the most famous woman painter of the 20 century. Frida tries its best to integrate Frida Kahlo life story with her painting and the result is very colorful and pleasant, but still does not stay far enough from the conventions of depicting artists on film.

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Arthritis is often referred to as a chronic disease. This means that it can affect the person afflicted with arthritis over a long period of time, perhaps for the rest of a person’s life. It cannot be cured, but it can be treated through a variety of products, both prescription and over-the-counter, as well as natural and medical-related methods. Learning how to manage your pain over the long term is an important factor in controlling the disease and maintaining a good quality of life. This is a brief overview of some of the methods and products that arthritis sufferers can use to alleviate many of the symptoms associated with arthritis, especially joint pain.

Detailed information on joints and joint pain products:

Over-The-Counter Products

Acetaminophen

People afflicted with osteoarthritis often times have very little inflammation. As such, pain relievers such as acetaminophen, the most well know of which is Tylenol, may be effective. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever but does not reduce swelling. Acetaminophen does not cause stomach irritation and is less likely than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), described later, to cause long-term side effects. Research has shown that acetaminophen relieves pain as effectively as NSAIDs for many patients with osteoarthritis. People with liver disease, people who drink alcohol heavily, and those taking blood – thinning medicines or NSAIDs should use acetaminophen with caution.

Ibuprofen

On the other hand, people afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis generally have pain caused by inflammation and often benefit from aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil). Ibuprofen combines anti-inflammatory with pain relief, but does typically cause some stomach discomfort if not taken with food and have been linked to ulcers with long-term use.

Glucosamine and Chondroitin

Glucosamine and Chondroitin are components of natural joint cartilage. Studies indicate that glucosamine and chondroitin can help alleviate joint pain related to osteoarthritis and improves general joint function including greater joint flexibility. It appears that together they help offset joint space narrowing, the loss of cartilage within the joint, seen with osteoarthritis by stimulating production of new cartilage. Both glucosamine and chondroitin are synthesized by the body and are naturally found in cartilage. Researchers theorize that glucosamine assists in the creation of new cartilage, while chondroitin slows cartilage destruction. Some studies indicate that glucosamine may help as much as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and tolmetin in relieving symptoms of osteoarthritis, particularly in the knee, with fewer side effects.

Prescription Products

Prescription Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

This class of drugs includes aspirin and ibuprofen that are used to reduce pain and inflammation, as noted above, and may be used for both short-term and long-term relief in people with osteoarthritis and, more commonly, rheumatoid arthritis. NSAIDs also include Vioxx (rofecoxib), Celebrex (celecoxib), and Bextra (valdecoxib), all of which are classified as COX-2 inhibitors. COX-2 inhibitors work by blocking an enzyme known to cause an inflammatory response. COX-2 inhibitors had been approved for short-term use in the treatment of pain, and for longer-term use to treat the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Biological Response Modifiers

These drugs include Enbrel and Remicade and are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through reducing the inflammation in the joints. It is theorized that they block the reaction of a substance called tumor necrosis factor, an immune system protein involved in immune system response.

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)

These drugs include Arava, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, penicillamine, and gold injections. Typically, these are drugs used to treat people with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to NSAIDs or are no longer taking NSAIDs because of the FDA recall of Vioxx, Celebrex, and Bextra (COX-2 inhibitors). It is theorized that these drugs influence and correct abnormalities of the immune system responsible for a disease like rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Due to the likelihood of adverse side effects, treatment with these medications requires careful monitoring by the physician.

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids can be taken by mouth or given by injection directly into the affected joint. Prednisone is the corticosteroid most often given by mouth to reduce the inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. In both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, the doctor also may inject a corticosteroid into the affected joint to stop pain. These hormones are very effective in treating arthritis but cause many side effects, including damage to the cartilage. In fact, frequent injections may cause damage to the cartilage, and as such, they should only be done once or twice a year.Hyaluronic Acid Products.

These drugs include Hyalgan and Synvisc. It is theorized that these drugs mimic a naturally occurring body substance that lubricates the knee joint and permits flexible joint movement without pain.

Natural Methods

Heat and Cold

Since heat and/or cold is not recommended to alleviate symptoms associated with all types of arthritis, the decision whether to use it or not should be discussed with your doctor or physical therapist. If appropriate for use on your arthritis pain, it must be determined which kind of temperature treatment should be used. Moist heat, such as a warm bath or shower, or dry heat, such as a heating pad, placed on affected joint for about 15 minutes may relieve the pain. An ice pack wrapped in a towel and placed on the sore area for about 15 minutes may help to reduce swelling and stop the pain. If you have poor circulation, do not use cold packs.

Joint Protection

A splint or brace can be used to allow joints to rest and keep them from being used, which can exacerbate the condition and may lead to additional injury. As with many other treatments, your physician or physical therapist can make recommendations and possibly provide you with the brace.

Massage

This method is associated with temporarily relieving one of the major symptoms associated with arthritis, joint pain, rather than treating the underlying cause, loss of cartilage. A massage therapist will lightly stroke and/or knead the painful muscle, which increases blood flow to the stressed area. It is important to realize that arthritic joints are very sensitive, so the massage therapist must be familiar with the disease and problems associated with the affected joints.

Exercise/Weight Reduction

Stretching exercises, swimming, walking, low-impact aerobic exercise, and range-of-motion exercises may reduce joint pain and stiffness while increasing joint mobility. In addition to alleviating some symptoms, the weight loss associated with an exercise program is beneficial in relieving the stress of extra weight on weight-bearing joints, especially the hips and knees. Studies have shown that overweight women who lost an average of 11 pounds substantially reduced the development of osteoarthritis in their knees. In addition, if osteoarthritis has already affected one knee, weight reduction will reduce the chance of it occurring in the other knee. A physical therapist or gym trainer can help plan an exercise program that will give you the most benefit with the least stress on the arthritis-stressed joints.

Medical-Related Methods

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a small device that is placed over the area afflicted with arthritis and directs mild electric pulses to nerve endings in and around the arthritic joint. TENS seems to work by blocking pain messages to the brain and by modifying the body’s perception of pain. It may relieve some joint pain associated with arthritis but doesn’t seem to offset the inflammation that is associated with arthritis.

Surgery

In advanced cases of patients with arthritis, surgery may be necessary. The surgeon may perform an operation to remove the synovium (synovectomy), realign the joint (osteotomy), or in extreme cases, replace the damaged joint with an artificial one (arthroplasty). Total joint replacement has provided not only dramatic relief from pain but also improvement in motion for many people with arthritis.

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But, believers tell quite a different story. There are hundreds of remedies and products that are consumed yearly by those suffering from one or more of the 100 different varieties today. Books and recipes with natural cures for arthritis sell well and are making the industry a profitable one. But, when the facts are investigated and the bottom dollar of profit set aside, there truly are benefits to developing this disease, or any other disease, from a natural perspective.

Perhaps the fuss surrounding this and other medical conditions has something to do with the fact that alternative medical treatments continue to gain in popularity as more and more side effects or long term damage is done by potent prescription drugs or foreign chemicals that are put into the body. More people than ever seek alternative procedures or natural arthritis treatments for their aches and pains, trying to find the least invasive treatment plan possible.

This can range from vitamin supplements to hypnosis. Also included in the natural cures for this arena are: acupuncture, biofeedback, and massage therapies. This article will discuss diet and supplements that have helped those who have one or more forms with pain and stiffness. It should be noted, however, that some supplements can interfere with prescription drug therapies and some ingredients can cause additional problems when taken with certain prescription drugs. Before embarking on any arthritic regimen, speak with a doctor about any risks involved and be clear about any supplements taken. Organic or natural products are supposed to help the body, but never hurt it. As with anything, guidelines are good to know and imperative to follow when using any new product.

It should also be said that dietary supplements are not overseen or approved by the National Food and Drug Administration, here in the U.S. The manufacturers are responsible for ensuring that their products meet safety standards expected by their customers and consumers. Dietary supplements are made to add vitamins or healthy sources of nutrients to diets lacking the variety that naturally gives the body the nutrients it needs to perform to maximum possibilities. New and exciting natural arthritis treatments include vitamin C in the form of oranges or orange juice and greet teas. There has been research with each that proves some improvement for sufferers. In other countries such as China, India, and Japan, green tea is thought to be a health agent with the power to prevent or cure certain illnesses. Seemingly, rheumatoid arthritis in these countries exists at a much lower rate than in the United States or other countries in the world. Countries that consumer more green tea, have less diagnosis. There are also studies in mice that show improvement in swelling and inflammation, when given green teas.

Drinking at least one glass of freshly squeezed orange juice every day can help with some symptoms. Natural cures for arthritis, or at least a pain management system seems to be in certain forms of fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables that contain Beta-cryptoxanthin are not only contributors to healthy bones and skin, but are thought to help with the immune system which is directly involved with Rheumatoid arthritis. Apricots, Cantaloupe, Grapefruit, Butternut squash, carrots, pumpkin, and sweet potatoes are among the yellow or orange fruits and vegetables that are rich in – Vitamin A and Beta-cryptoxanthin, some of the natural arthritis treatments.

Getting a healthy diet and plenty of exercise will help the body fight against illness and various diseases. A healthy diet and exercise are not harmful, unless a doctor specifically warns against certain exercises and foods. Certain types of this disease are not curable, and other forms can be life-long challenges as well. But, when we give the body the nutrients it needs to perform at its best, we are doing ourselves a great favor! Taking care of the bodies God graciously gave each person is a way to glorify what He has done for us and creates a better self-image that will enable most people to perform as better Christians.

Studies have also showed that those who carry extra weight are more at risk. Extra weight can wear and tear on the joints and surrounding ligaments. Weight loss can be considered one of the natural cures for arthritis, as the joints effected get relief when there is less weight and stress placed upon them daily. There might be natural cures for arthritis that meets with the body’s needs for healing. Again, be sure and check with a doctor before taking large doses of any supplement, or when using a program with prescription arthritic drugs.

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Referred to as the nation’s number one crippling disease and the most common chronic disease in people over 40, arthritis affects more than 40 million Americans. And this figure is expected to rise to 60 million by 2020, according to the Center for Disease Control.

Arthritis generally afflicts people between the ages of 20 and 50, but can affect all ages, even infants. The average age of onset is 47 and about three out of every five people with arthritis are under 65 years of age.

Arthritic expenditures for just one person due to lost wages, medical treatment and other related expenses can come to more than $150,000 in his or her lifetime. And doctors believe there are over 100 different forms of arthritis, all sharing one main characteristic: all forms cause joint inflammation.

What can be done for arthritis pain relief? Many things. For example, weight and nutrition are only a couple of factors that play a role in arthritic pain. And yet shedding even 10 pounds to relieve weight from knees and finding the right nutritional strategy can help relieve pain a lot.

There are many ways to effectively manage arthritic pain today to find relief. Available are arthritic diets, exercise programs, over-the-counter and prescription medications, relaxation and positive emotion coping techniques. Also available are surgeries, supplements, home remedies, natural and other alternative therapies. When arthritis is first suspected, it would be wise to seek a medical opinion first. Then as time and resources allow, check out the other options.

Herbal Remedies

For people who suffer from arthritis, dependable pain relief is a vital concern. The agonizing sensations of simply walking up the stairs are discouraging and can drive patients into depression. When someone cannot function properly, their body is not in balance and often; they will become victims of their pain, forcing them to seek alternatives. These people have often tried traditional medications without success, they are often no eligible for surgery and as a result, they will see relieve through natural remedies.

Many people are also seeking natural remedies because of the increasing cost of prescription medication. Before discontinuing a prescription medication, consult a physician. However, with a doctor’s approval, there are many natural solutions, which may aid in managing arthritis. A popular alternative to medication for pain relief is acupuncture. Although the pain-relieving effects may be temporary, these sessions can be very beneficial for those who find that drugs or supplements are insufficient or have unacceptable side effects:

Cayenne Cream – apply the cayenne cream to painful areas. Cayenne peppers contain an substance called capsaicin which is responsible for their spicy effect. This also causes a burning sensation when it comes in contact with skin, and inhibits the body’s production of substance P which is heavily involved the relaying signals of pain to the brain. Apply the cream two to three times per day for at least one week before making a decision as to whether or not the cream is helping to reduce arthritis pain.

It’s understandable that many people experiencing pain and aching in a joint because of osteoarthritis reach for the aspirin or another conventional pain reliever. The problem is, these medications can be rough on your stomach, and they do nothing to slow the progress of your arthritis. Even the new COX-2 inhibitor drugs do not act to preserve the joint. [From the doctors of WholeHealthMD].

On the contrary, many natural remedies and supplements have been found to actually reduce cartilage deterioration and even rebuild a patient’s lost cartilage. However, before adding any to your daily routine, check with your healthcare advisor, as supplements can cause adverse reactions and may not be right for your situation. Note that dietary supplements are not regulated by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration); i.e. do not need to be approved by them, and can include any of the following: plants, fats, proteins and animal organs and tissues as well as herbs, minerals and vitamins.

So some supplements may be fine for arthritic patients; however some may not be. Note also that manufacturers may very well promote that their products work great, but they do not have to use standardized ingredients or recipes, disclose side effects that have been reported, nor prove that the products are indeed effective. So use caution.

The most popular dietary supplements for arthritis sufferers are chondroitin, fish oil and glucosamine. Chondroitin can draw fluid into the cartilage, improving shock-absorbing ability and weight control, as more weight equals more joint pressure. Fish oils help with controlling inflammation in the body. And recent studies have shown that the cartilage-building substance called glucosamine is effective for the long-term relief of osteoarthritis pain.

In some people, glucosamine appears to even slow the deterioration of joints over time and reinforce joint cartilage. Whether or not it can actually reverse the disease is still unclear. In some instances, glucosamine can be used in conjunction with MSM, a substance that appears to slow down the degeneration but is not yet proven and approved.

In a nutshell:

· Chondroitin – Helps draw fluid into cartilage, improving shock-absorbing ability.

· Ginger – Ginger is an antioxidant that acts as an inflammatory with no major side effects.

· Glucosamine sulfate – This builds cartilage with very few side effects.

· Magnets – Although magnets that are worn as jewelry or placed on bed linens have been reported by some to be effective pain relievers, results are still preliminary; doctors claim that these magnets are not strong enough.

· MSM – This organic sulfur is used in the reduction of inflammation.

· Nettle leaf – Nettles can reduce a patient’s need for NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) by up to 70 percent.

· Vitamin E – This antioxidant is used primarily for osteoarthritis.

· Vitamin B is also an effective pain reliever. It works best on the knee and can help stop degeneration that is caused by free-radical molecules, not only in the joints but in other areas of the body as well

These are merely a few examples of what an arthritis sufferer can use when seeking pain relief from natural remedies. However, due to the lack of scientific study and testing on many of these alternate treatments, there is no proof of their effectiveness.

Nothing can cure osteoarthritis, but nutritional supplements, the application of heat or cold to affected joints, exercise, and weight loss can improve the function and flexibility of your joints, and perhaps even slow the progress of the disease. Conventional over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen, can be very helpful in decreasing joint pain, but they do produce side effects and can cause problems in long-term users.

Unfortunately, there is no way to cure arthritis. However, you can delay the onset by maintaining a healthy weight. Exercise regularly and eat a healthy and avoid repetitious movements that cause you pain.

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Keywords:

arthritis,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis

Keeping up to date with the latest arthritis information is vital for anyone that lives daily with the pain and suffering arthritis can cause. Research continues to make progress mainly in finding the basic causes for the key types of arthritis, as arthritis at his moment in time cannot be cured. However you must stay alert and watchful, as an arthritis cure will certainly be found before long.

There are a variety of Internet sites you can visit that will keep you updated on all of the most up-to-date news and arthritis information. A great place for arthritis information is the Arthritis Foundation which you can go to at: arthritis.org. Here you can learn about osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and all various forms of arthritis. You can also take a quiz to see what kind of health your joints are in. The Arthritis Foundation is full of arthritis information, including drug treatments, alternative therapies, how to understand your lab tests, and more.

Another great Internet site to visit is UW Medicine/Orthopaedics’ and Sports Medicine. This site can be accessed by going to: orthop.washington.org. You can read many articles at this site which were written by medical professionals. These articles will give you information on aspirin and related drugs, fatigue and lots of other articles on arthritis information.

One website you should check out is the Arthritis National Research Foundation. This website will give you much arthritis information at: curearthritis.org. If you are interested in supporting arthritis research, this is a great place to start.

If you are newly diagnosed with arthritis, nothing beats going to the library. The library is full of arthritis information. You can read stories of other osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients and learn about various alternative treatments and medication. You should also contact your local hospital to see what services they offer your community in way of arthritis information and support.

Only a doctor knows how to identify whether or not you have Arthritis. Therefore your best resource of arthritis information should always be your doctor. Your doctor has the knowledge and experience to answer your questions, so don’t hesitate to ask. That is what he or she is there for. Many patients do not want to take up their doctor’s time and avoid asking questions for fear of sounding foolish or naive. Any good doctor will encourage you to ask questions and he or she will do everything they can to keep you abreast of all the latest arthritis information.

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Keywords:

arthritis, treatment of arthritis, cure of arthritis, prevention of arthritis

Maybe pain occurs, like when trying to open a jar. What’s it all about? Let’s look at the basics and learn more.

Arthritis actually means “joint inflammation” and has over 100 related conditions or type / forms of disease. Left untreated, it can advance, resulting in joint damage that cannot be undone or reversed. So early detection and treatment are important.

The two most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although both have similar symptoms, both happen for different reasons. When joints are overused and misused, the results can be OA. What happens is that the cushioning cartilage that protects the joint breaks down, resulting in the bones rubbing together. This generally happens in the knees, but can be found in the hips, spine and hands often, too. And only in later stages will a person most often feel pain, after quite a bit of cartilage is lost.

The second type, RA, refers to the body’s immune system attacking joint tissue. Still not fully understood in the medical community, this condition most often starts in a person’s hands, wrists and feet. Then it advances to shoulders, elbows and hips.

Similar symptoms include pain, stiffness, fatigue, weakness, slight fever and inflamed tissue lumps under the skin. And both OA and RA generally develop symmetrically, i.e. affecting the same joints on both the left and right sides of the body.

A difference in OA and RA to note is with swelling. With RA, people report “soft and squishy” swelling. While with OA, people report “hard and bony” swelling. Another difference is that a person is more likely to develop RA if a sibling or parent had it. While a person with a history of joint damage, either an injury or chronic strain, runs a higher risk for developing OA.

There is no specific age for arthritis sufferers. While it can affect every age group, it seems to focus on those over 45 years of age.And while neither gender is immune, a reported 74 percent of OA cases (or just over 15 million) occur with women and a slightly lower percentage of RA cases occur with women. People with excess weight tend to develop OA, especially in the knees when reaching over 45 years of age. However, losing weight can turn the odds around almost by half. Regular activity combined with exercise also reduces risk, strengthening joint muscles and reducing joint wear.

Although there are no cure-alls for arthritis, there are a variety of pain relief treatment strategies. Aside from medications, remedies, replacement alternatives and other helpful treatment options and alternatives, the four main arthritis relief aids are gentle exercise, good nutrition, a positive attitude and rest. And each will be discussed further in subsequent sections, because education can play a huge role to dispel “old wives tales” and myths that “nothing can be done about arthritis.” Notable is that today, only a small percentage of those afflicted with arthritis become crippled. And most never need canes, wheelchairs, or other ambulatory devices.

Also note if you suspect you may have arthritis, it is advisable to seek medical advice. Because healthcare providers can help to determine if the symptoms are not something else like a virus or tendonitis or other similar problem that cold potentially worsen if left untreated.

Types Of Arthritis

There are many ways to effectively manage arthritic pain today to find relief. Available are arthritic diets, exercise programs, over-the-counter and prescription medications, relaxation and positive emotion coping techniques. Also available are surgeries, supplements, home remedies, natural and other alternative therapies. When arthritis is first suspected, it would be wise to seek a medical opinion first. Then as time and resources allow, check out the other options.

After osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), three other major types of arthritis are systemic lupus erythematosis, ankylosing spondylitis and gout. Let’s take a look at each:

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis (SLE) – This form of arthritis mainly affects women. It develops in the skin, internal organs and joints.

Ankylosing Spondylitis – This form or arthritis affects the spine and can also affect the ankles, knees, lungs, heart, shoulders and eyes.

Gout – This is a painful affliction mainly for men, about one million of them in the United States alone. Uric acid build up, due to an internal chemical malfunction, forms crystals that get stuck in a joint, generally the big toe, and become inflamed.

Science Of Arthritis

Joints can handle some heavy pressure. For example, knees handle a force of three to four times a person’s total body weight on average just talking a walk. The force of a deep knee bend during a squat can increase to nine times the body weight. So just imagine multiplying weight of more than 150 pounds times a minimum of three or four, and then even more. That can sure add up to a lot of heavy work on knee joints over time.

Now for the science of this scenario. Where two bones meet, called the joint, the bone ends are covered with cartilage, also known as gristl

This cartilage is sturdy, elastic and spongy or compressible, and keeps the bones from moving against each other at the joint. The cells of this cartilage, called chondrocytes, are thought to be the longest living cells of the body. Surrounding the bones and cartilage is strong, fibrous capsule lined with synovium, a thin membrane that lubricates the joint area with fluid. The end result is less friction or smoother rubbing together of the bones. This fluid also feds the cartilage cells, keeping them healthy, and is “pumped” into them during joint movement. Thus lack of movement (activity / exercise) can be unhealthy.

Other parts of the body features involved with this arthritic scenario include muscles, tendons, ligaments, bursea and mental activity. Muscles, attached to bones with tendons and ligaments, move bones by contracting. They also cushion movement, absorbing impact or shock. Throughout the muscle and tendon areas are bursae or sacs filled with fluid. These also help cushion movement. And throughout all the coordination of these parts during movement, the brain is a part. The brain communicates via nerves throughout the body, in particular the muscles for this scenario, to prepare joints for activity.

The exact science of what actually causes arthritis is still being researched. For most of the 100-plus forms of arthritis, the causes are unknown. Injury, overuse of joints and mechanical issues with joints (like skeletal abnormalities, worn out joint muscles) can lead to arthritis. And many point to issues relating to bacteria and germs as some of the problem. Heredity, stress, drugs, food allergies and viruses have also been linked to some forms of arthritis. So have diet, poor circulation and lack of movement.

INFLAMMATION

Arthritic joints can be affected with inflammation when bacteria or a virus (or other undesirable element) enters the joint area or when an injury occurs. What happens is when foreign matter enters this area or the area sustains injury, white blood cells, antibodies and other natural “fighting” mechanisms automatically kick in internally to help. These fighters cause swelling, redness and heat as the body fluid moves around. Symptoms of inflammation, one of the uncomfortable issues associated with arthritis, are redness, swelling and tender joints.

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